The spine provides the structural centre for posture and movement and encloses the nervous system. Its alignment and supporting tissues can influence both local symptoms and the mechanics of the hips, knees, ankles and feet.
A spinal assessment considers two foundations: biomechanics—the chain of movement between the spine, pelvis and peripheral joints—and neurology—the relationship between spinal structures and the nerves serving the body.
A pelvic dysfunction can rotate the femur, alter knee loading and ankle movement, and change weight distribution through the foot. This is why a symptom away from the spine may still require the spine and pelvis to be examined.